Kosovo faces renewed geopolitical pressure as tensions between the US and EU create opportunities for Russia to expand its influence in the Balkans. Historically, Moscow has opposed Kosovo’s independence, from resisting NATO intervention in 1999 to blocking international recognition and drawing parallels with Crimea.
This week, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov confirmed ongoing communications with the US regarding developments in the Balkans, particularly Bosnia and Herzegovina, while implying US openness to dialogue. The EU has emphasized its central role in the Western Balkans but has not confirmed any trilateral exchanges.
Kosovo’s acting Prime Minister Albin Kurti warned in Davos that Russia uses Serbia as a conduit to destabilize Kosovo, highlighting Moscow as a direct regional threat. Russia’s influence is strongest in Serbia and Republika Srpska, with limited indirect reach in Kosovo, Montenegro, and North Macedonia. Tools include disinformation campaigns, media influence, and energy leverage to slow Euro-Atlantic integration.
Experts from Washington, including Ivan Stradner and Charles Kupchan, note that Russia benefits from transatlantic divisions, which it exploits to pressure the Balkans while presenting itself as a negotiator. Kosovo, they argue, must strengthen ties with the EU and NATO, avoid Russian engagement, and remain alert to destabilization attempts.
The consensus is clear: Western unity is critical to counter Russian influence, with Kosovo needing strategic diplomacy and proactive engagement with both the US and EU.
