The training of Ukrainian troops in Germany has raised new questions after authorities identified cases in which soldiers allegedly did not return to Ukraine following the completion of their military courses.
In Saxony-Anhalt alone, German authorities say they are aware of around 80 such cases. Nationwide figures have not yet been officially released, although media reports suggest the number could reach several hundred.
Since Russia launched its full-scale invasion, approximately 29,000 Ukrainian soldiers have received military training in Germany. The programs cover weapons handling, camouflage, first aid and other combat skills, after which the soldiers are generally expected to return to their Ukrainian units.
Those who remain in Germany could face legal consequences in Ukraine. Leaving a military unit without authorization can constitute desertion and, depending on the circumstances, may result in several years of imprisonment.
The situation also raises questions about the legal status of soldiers who seek to remain in Germany. Ukraine’s military personnel sent abroad for official training are not automatically covered by the same temporary protection arrangements available to civilians who fled the war.
Some soldiers could potentially seek asylum, although each case would have to be assessed individually under German and European law.
The issue has become particularly sensitive as the EU has tightened aspects of its temporary protection framework for Ukrainian men of military age. The changes, requested by Kyiv, are intended to prevent the protection system from being used as a means of avoiding military service.
The reported cases highlight a growing challenge for European authorities: how to balance humanitarian protection with Ukraine’s need to maintain its military strength, while dealing with soldiers who are sent abroad for training but subsequently choose not to return to the battlefield.
