A document marked “Top Secret 2” and reportedly found on the phone of Fatmir Sheholli is among the evidence cited in an indictment by Kosovo’s Special Prosecution, which alleges that the material was part of a strategy to expand Islamic radicalization and destabilize Kosovo and the wider region.
According to the indictment, Sheholli sent the document to a person identified as Viktor Makedonija on August 5, 2025. Prosecutors describe it as a purported secret political and strategic plan involving networks and individuals with influence in sports, music, media and politics.
The prosecution alleges that the document outlined a long-term strategy involving the financing and construction of mosques, the expansion of religious schools and the establishment of networks among individuals in Kosovo and the wider region.
According to the indictment, the alleged objective was to create an environment in which Kosovo would increasingly be perceived internationally as a radicalized and extremist society, potentially damaging its relations with Western countries.
The document allegedly calls for funds obtained from Islamic embassies in Belgrade to be used largely to finance mosque construction in prominent locations, including near highways, schools and shopping centers. It also allegedly proposes expanding religious schools and transporting children and adults from areas where religious identity was described as particularly influential.
The alleged plan further refers to recruiting or influencing people with connections to sports, media, music and politics, as well as establishing networks among Albanian communities outside Kosovo.
One of the most striking claims in the document is a prediction that, after 20 years, Kosovo would resemble “Kandahar.” According to the prosecution’s interpretation, the alleged strategy sought to encourage Western countries to view Kosovo as increasingly radicalized and unstable, eventually weakening international support for the country and creating conditions for its return under Serbian jurisdiction.
The document also allegedly describes efforts to influence the Albanian diaspora in countries including Switzerland, Germany and Belgium, with the stated aim of weakening political networks that had historically supported Kosovo.
Document cited as evidence in espionage case
According to the indictment, the document was found among material extracted from Sheholli’s seized phone. A Kosovo Police intelligence report dated March 31, 2026, is cited as Evidence 17.
The report states that investigators examined 20,914 photographs and images stored on the device and identified an image marked “Top Secret 2” containing text in Serbian.
The Special Prosecution argues that the document, considered together with other evidence, is relevant to establishing the nature of Sheholli’s contacts and alleged activities in relation to Serbia’s intelligence service, BIA.
The allegations form part of the broader espionage case against Sheholli and have not been established as facts by a final court judgment.
Other espionage cases involving alleged religious networks
The issue of alleged links between espionage activities and religious radicalization has also appeared in other cases investigated by Kosovo authorities.
According to reporting by Kallxo.com, two other individuals have been arrested over the past year in separate cases involving alleged espionage activities linked to the Serbian BIA.
Hysri Selimi was arrested in May 2025 and was sentenced by a first-instance court to six years in prison for espionage. Prosecutors alleged that he had collected information about people from Kosovo who had participated in ISIS and individuals who had returned from conflicts in Syria.
Fehim Sali was arrested in August 2026. He is suspected of collecting information about individuals associated with the Wahhabi movement and allegedly providing recommendations to the Serbian BIA regarding the recruitment of such individuals.
The cases remain part of ongoing judicial proceedings, and allegations against defendants must be established through the courts.
The publication of the alleged “Top Secret 2” document has nevertheless added another dimension to Kosovo’s wider debate over Serbian intelligence activity, foreign influence and attempts to exploit religious and social divisions.
